Communities and Public Spaces

Despite the extent of violence in cities and among youth, there is surprisingly little policy work or research on associated strategies for violence prevention and reduction. Indeed, 'community-level violence prevention' is often described in general terms. The focus tends to be on inequality de-concentration, targeting at-risk youth with vocational programmes, or temporary restrictions on alcohol and firearms. And while these may be effective, there is comparatively limited guidance on prioritising or sequencing interventions and targeting those most at risk. What is more, guidelines seldom specify how the impact of these strategies would vary in different conditions, or how these may be aligned with other prevention programmes offered within a community setting. The evidence on what works in fragile low and medium income urban settings, where the incidence of community-level violence is likely to be higher, is sparse.

Through a series of commissioned papers and regional meetings this Learning Group has prepared structured reviews of current evidence on community-level risk factors and prevention strategies from around the worldwhich discuss challenges to programme implementation, adaptation and sustainability, particularly in violent, fragile cities. It has two primary aims and related questions: (1) to determine the drivers of violence in fragile low and medium income urban settings; and (2) to review evidence-based prevention strategies that are feasible in fragile low- and medium-income urban settings and comprehensive prevention models.

The following 10 papers have been produced under the Learning Group reflecting on the aforementioned aims:

  1. Abt, T. 2017. “Towards a Comprehensive Framework for Preventing Community Violence among Youth.” Psychology, Health & Medicine 22(S1): 266–85.
  2. Carbonari, F., A. Willman and R. Sérgio de Lima. 2017. “Learning from Latin America: Policy Trends of Crime Decline in 10 Cities Across the Region”. Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  3. Cid, A. 2017. “Interventions using Regular Activities to Engage High-risk School-age Youth: A Review of After-school Programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  4. Esquivel, V. and A. Kaufmann. 2017. “Gender Dimensions of Violent Urban Contexts: Bridging the Gaps in Theory and Policy.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  5. Garzón-Vergara, J.C. 2017. “Children Trapped in Fragile Cities: Communities, Organised Crime and the Rule of Law.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  6. Guerra, N., N. Shadowen, G. Reyes and R. Serrano-Berthet. 2017. “Community Readiness for Youth Violence Prevention: The Youth Violence Prevention Readiness and Needs Scale (YVP-RNS).” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  7. Muggah, R. 2017. “Measuring Fragility in Cities.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  8. Ransford, C. and G. Slutkin. 2017. “Seeing and Treating Violence as a Health Issue.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  9. Villaveces, A. 2017. “Access to Means such as Alcohol, Drugs and Firearms, and Built Environment Characteristics: Implications for Cities with High Rates of Violence.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
  10. Wex, B., M. Bulger and P. Burton. 2017. “Online Violence in Schools: Beyond Cyberbullying.” Background paper. Ending Violence in Childhood Global Report 2017. Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, India.
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Partners
  • KVIC Partners - Public Health Foundation of India
  • KVIC Partners -University of Delaware
  • KVIC Partners - FXB
Supported by
  • Unicef
  • Benard Van Leer Foundation
  • Ikea Foundation
  • American Jewish world Service
  • Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
  • Oak Foundation
Associates
  • End Violence
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